Hamlet Deceitful Character Analysis - 1662 Words

Being a deceitful person can cause tremendous consequences. The determination of your dishonesty will conquer you as a human being in the end, and in time, result in something horrid. This is proven to be accurate in one of Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies, Hamlet. There is a saying by Robert S. Miola that all of us can gain retribution, have deceitful traits, but in the end, will capture us and our actions will ultimately result in chaos. During the play, it will introduce us to different instances that in the end will catch upon with each other. More importantly, the reason for these events occurring is due to King Hamlet being executed by Claudius, the new king, and also his brother. Later on, Hamlet has the urge to conflict revenge,†¦show more content†¦Truth be told, Hamlet as a piece of his franticness organized a play called The Murder of Gonzago where he has characters play out a scene that is like what Hamlet imagines when his uncle kills his dad to check whe ther Claudius responds to it to get him in his blame. Hamlet flourishes and during the scene in which the killing happens, Claudius hops up and leaves the room demonstrating his blame. He being Claudius, is then suspicious and panicked of Hamlets frenzy uncertain of his prosperity. In general, Hamlet utilizes his frenzy further bolstering his good fortune to reveal reality, be that as it may, he has become misleading and dishonest at the same time, as he deceives everybody around him. Despite the fact that he is doing it for a justifiable reason, hes not being totally moral. Instantly, the most shameless character in the tragedy would have to be Claudius, as he is seen to be the best double-crosser in the play. During the time when we have been presented to him, he is by all accounts this auspicious, not too bad king, however, this is only a mask as we get some answers concerning his frightful wrongdoing. In any case, this is quite recently the start of his abhorrent demonstrations. Claudius winds up contriving with Polonius as he has him keep an eye on Hamlet. He is then uncertain on why Hamlet has been acting frantic. He supposes it could be a piece of an arrangement to orchestrate a seizureShow MoreRelatedHamlet Relationships And Madness Essay1246 Words   |  5 PagesMadness A few of the characters within the play Hamlet showed signs of madness. The characters went mad due to the antagonizing relationships they had with other characters; the madness within the play created a chain reaction among the characters. In the end, the characters’ madness led to their own and others untimely demise. Claudius’ jealousy of Hamlet senior began his downward spiral to madness. Claudius’ lust for Queen Gertrude, his brother’s wife, led to him killing Hamlet senior. â€Å"Pray canRead MoreAnalysis of Hamlet’s Behavior through Minor Characters1280 Words   |  6 Pagescommitted, the line between avenging and revenging becomes unclear. This is seen in William Shakespeare’s Hamlet. The deceased king’s son, Hamlet, embarks on a quest to avenge the death of his father, who was murdered by his uncle. Throughout the play, and the progression of his quest, it is apparent that Hamlet is a complicated character. As the play progresses the reader is able to see that Hamlet has an inability to take action, portrayed through his failed attempts at murdering his uncle to avengeRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Female Characters1232 Words   |  5 Pages April 22, 2015 Shakespeare s Female Characters. The English playwright and poet William Shakespeare is generally known to be one of the greatest English writers and creators of all time. However, his works open themselves up to interpretation, whether in historical context or symbolism; they lend themselves to every readers individual response. In this research paper I will be addressing patriarchy, his treatment of female characters as commodity, and the misogynistic themesRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares Hamlet : Relationship Between Passion And Reason1472 Words   |  6 PagesIn the play Hamlet by William Shakespeare the relationship between passion and reason plays an important role in the fate of the young Prince Hamlet’s life. Throughout the play Hamlet finds out a numerous amount of unsettling news that pushes him towards rash decisions. The ghost of Hamlet’s recently deceased father, the King, sets the play into motion when he bestows Hamlet with the order to kill his murderer, Hamlet’s uncle ( 1.5.24-25). Relying only on his trusted friends, Hamlet sets out to findRead MoreBetrayal and Loyalty in Shakespeares plays3231 Words   |  13 Pagesone expresses loyalty or betrayal to another can impact ones life greatly and can cause numerous outcomes in a persons life. In William Shakespeare’s two plays Antony and Cleopatra and Hamlet, the impact that betrayal and loyalty have on the protagonists Hamlet and Marc Antony, and their supporting characters is conveyed as Shakespeare articulates the relationship between selflessness and loyalty in contrast to selfishness and betrayal. Shakespeare points out that those who tend to keep othersRead MoreLiterature Analysis of Hamlet Essay1957 Words   |  8 PagesLiterature Analysis of Hamlet U5A1 Letitia Stevens Introduction to the Humanities (HUM1000) Unit 5 Literature Analysis of Hamlet Capella University May 2016 Introduction During the last years of Queen Elizabeth, â€Å"The Tragedy of Hamlet† was written by William Shakespeare. The father of Hamlet appeared outside of the Elsinore Castle on what seemed to a very cold night for the season that they were in. His appearance was referred to as of a warning that was leading to the killing inRead MoreThe Crucible by Arthur Miller993 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout this past semester, we have covered a lot of plays and their films that correspond within those plays. While I have learned a lot along the way I have found that there are certain plays that stuck out. Merchant of Venice, Hamlet, and The Importance of Being Earnest were among some of these plays from this semester. However, one of my personal favorites is The Crucible. I was able to uncover many themes from this play such as secret sin, lies and deceit, and religion. The Crucible stoodRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet - The Moral Corruption Essay2770 Words   |  12 Pages William Shakespeare’s Hamlet has been widely regarded as one of the greatest tragedies ever written. One prominent theme exemplified in this particular play is the theme of rottenness or decay. Shakespeare uniquely uses disease, rotting, and decay in order to reveal the manifestation and consequence of moral corruption. Physical corruption mirrors the moral corruption within the characters in the play. The moral corruption in Denmark is showcased for the readers throughout the play by images ofRead MoreHamlet Attitudes Towards Women : Being Hatred Or Not Essay1901 Words   |  8 Pages1302 Critical research paper 11 November 2016 Hamlet attitudes towards women: being hatred or not. In William Shakespeare play, the chief protagonist hamlet shows a negativity view towards women in his life. Hamlet consider that his mother and Ophelia have deceived him through their action; Gertrude married only a mother after hamlet father died and Ophelia heeds her father right not to see hamlet despite confessing her love to him. In this way hamlet views this two women as a fragile and too dependentRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Hamlet By William Shakespeare2594 Words   |  11 Pagesabout a character whose tragic flaw leads to his downfall and to the demise of many of the other characters. William Shakespeare was a playwright during the Elizabethan Era who was made famous for his literary works of tragedies, comedies and sonnets. One of Shakespeare?s most renowned tragedies is Hamlet. In this classic tragedy the protagonist, Hamlet, pursues revenge and seeks justice against the antagonist, Claudius, for the murder of King Hamlet. As a result of his pursuits, Hamlet, his family

Morality of Today Essay - 1836 Words

Olympian morality was potent in ancient Greek society yet it is incomplete by today’s moral standards of what is acceptable. Modern morality is not only taught through actions, stories or experiences however constructed by the feelings within. In both, The Iliad and the Hesiod, external actions are the most important however, without logos, a look into the soul no decisions are made by choice. Eris, the force of pulling apart and Eros, the force of pushing together were vital pieces in the aspect of morality through traditional Greek society. Ancient morality combined with natural science and logos creates a balance that allows for perfect moral structure. Olympian morality was built upon the aspect that the Gods determined human existence†¦show more content†¦Socrates believed that justice and desire could not be determined without reason and logic (Reno). Going along with Socrates ideas, Eris and Eros can be confined in the soul but the structure of Olympian moralit y will never be destroyed. Destroying Eris would also destroy Eros and not only would no bad exist, but nothing good would exist either. Therefore the Sophist’s mentality could never become the mentality in which society is driven by. If all good and bad were removed from society there would be nothing to fuel desires, hopes, dreams, hardships or emotions. Preluding to the Trojan War, Helen is always property. Never once is choice an option of Helens. She is given as a prize, a trophy, to the one who will triumph over the other (Homer). No one considered asking Helen what she truly desired; therefore to settle the issue, men were killed in warfare to come to a conclusion that should have been determined by choice. Women were not deemed important figures in ancient society and men ruled the world in which they lived. Until Socratic ideals, one can say that women were only the property of men. Socrates tried to explore the world of femininity and discover the soul; he was kille d for believing that there is more to an individual then what the divine interprets (Plato’s Apology). Unlike ancient times, a war of nations would not break out over a romantic conflict because women and men can choose whom they love. Logic has allowed modernShow MoreRelatedThe Morality Of Torture On The Middle East Today And The War On Terrorism2356 Words   |  10 PagesMorality of Torture. With the issues going on in the Middle East today and the war on terrorism, the use of torture including murder, is a very widespread and controversial issue. Torture is viewed as morally wrong; therefore it is also legally wrong as well, not just on the home front but internationally as well (Is Torture Ever Justified). However, torture is sometimes not only right, but is needed for a greater good. With the case of torture you may not be able to see whether it is clearly wrongRead MoreMorality and Politics798 Words   |  3 PagesMORALITY AND POLITICS INTRODUCTION If we divide morality of an individual in two types- individual and public, then public morality comes in political morality. Public moralities have responsibility for welfare of other people and keep justice among them. On the other hand, an individual morality is personal views and ethics and this is not responsible for other’s welfare. When we failed to keep both kind of morality separate, then it affects other persons in a destructive way. Morality belongs toRead MoreMorality And Technology And The Presence Of Technology1623 Words   |  7 Pagesattempt to instill in them at the very beginning stages of their lives. These lessons teach morality and begin to introduce certain values to children. In this way, every person develops values throughout his/her life that are impacted by his or her environment, biology and social constructs. Through these values, morality is developed and because each person has his or her own unique values, morality is based upon the individua l. All organisms have evolved throughout their existence on EarthRead MoreEthics Is Subjective, Good, And Bad1746 Words   |  7 Pagesterrorist organization somewhere else in the world. Growing up in this type of environment would promote killing the innocent and stealing from everyone, like pirates. To prove that it is possible that man has the ability to have a different view on morality as a whole than someone else, I can use the second example. So let’s say that I did grow up in Syria as a member of the Islamic State, and I watched men slay innocent people, steal, and burn down villages my entire life. In my childhood I wouldRead MoreAnimal Morality And Master Morality1595 Words   |  7 Pagesproposition that there are only two basic types of morality: slave morality and master morality. These types of morality Nietzsche proposes were initially formed when society was not actually made up of masters and slaves. In a society where masters were completely free and slaves simply had to do whatever their masters said. Based on their respective situations Nietzsche argues these two groups of people came up with two very different types of morality. Now of course there are no longer literal masterRead MoreLaws Influence on Morals1738 Words   |  7 Pagesinterpreted differently based on factors such as: culture, society, religion and the way an individual was brought up. There might be a set of values, which may be com mon in society. These are what society finds acceptable. A lot of the societies today are pluralistic. This means that people of different religions, races, social classes etc. live together in a society and continue to have their own unique traditions and interest. David Emile Durkeim was a French philosopher, considered to be theRead MoreEthical Relativism Moral Or Immoral1382 Words   |  6 PagesBrittany Haskell Mr. Legge CLN 4U Due: December 19, 2014 Ethical Relativism Moral or Immoral Ethical relativism is the theory that holds that morality is relative to the norms of one s culture. That is, whether an action is right or wrong depends on the moral norms of the society in which it is practiced. Moral or ethical relativism is the idea that what is considered moral or immoral depends on the accepted behaviors within the society in which the determination is made. Therefore, whatRead MoreSources Of Morality And Morality1424 Words   |  6 PagesScott Wothke Dr. Bernstein PHIL 290 02/12/2016 Source of Morality Imagine a world filled with chaos, brutality, death, and fear, a world where no laws govern the people, and the people feel no sense of right or wrong, a hellish world in which morality is a things of nonexistence. A world that to our knowledge never existed, so that begs the questions where did morality come from, and what exactly is it? A simple definition would state, the principles concerning the distinction between right andRead More Nietzsche: Moving Beyond Good and Evil Essay1033 Words   |  5 PagesWe have grown weary of man. Nietzsche wants something better, to believe in human ability once again. Nietzsche’s weariness is based almost entirely in the culmination of ressentiment, the dissolution of Nietzsche’s concept of morality and the prevailing priestly morality. Nietzsche wants to move beyond simple concepts of good and evil, abandon the assessment of individuals through ressentiment, and restore men to their former wonderful ability. Nietzsche begins his discussion of good and moralRead MoreEssay on Washingtons Farewell Address1631 Words   |  7 Pagesand document towards the end of his time in office. He had written the Farewell address which focused on helping America understand the importance of preserving unity, acknowledging the rise of political parties forming, strengthening religion and morality, and he stated his position on American foreign policy. He addressed these ideas with strong tone and used incredible amount of dictions that strengthens his tone as well as representing his appeal to ethos to a strong degree. However, today’s society

Increasing Queues In Exit Of The Retailer †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Increasing Queues In Exit Of The Retailer? Answer: Introduction In this report, an outline of a retail system is discussed concerning the issue related to queues at the checkout point. Oz Super market is the new retail chain which is making a move to establish a new marketing chain system with the faster accessibility of the products and to increase the features of the selling system so that the products become more attractive. The main objective of this new retail chain system is that the organization is to make sure that the people are more interested to come in the store and do buy products and then leave (Xiang Rossetti, 2014). In a better way, it can be said that the retailing organization intends to make a hassle free environment for the customers concerning the issues related to queues. In many cases in the super markets, it is seen that the number of exit queues in the check out point is also increased in a lot of amounts. In this report the issues related to the queues are given in details to understand the problems properly. Several recommendations are also discussed for decreasing the queue in the exit of the retailer shop. Discussion The point is that the organization has introduced a lot of new features that will help to decrease the queues to a greater extent. The main thing is to determine the challenges regarding the queues. First, the problems are to be understood with a clear view. Then the reasons for the problems are to be identified to have a proper idea of the issues. After identifying the problems and the issues related to the queuing of the customers the solutions are to be generated to make the response of the whole system faster. The aspects of making the system more advantageous are discussed below. The new retail chain is interested in stocking the products like household, stationary and non-perishable goods (Zhou et al., 2016). The types of the products should be considered in such a way that the people or customers can be easily convinced to by the product according to their need. Any unwanted or unattractive product is not allowed in the organization so that the customer lost their time in thinking about the product at the queue. It is seen that the increment of the queue at the exit has been created due to the change of products that the customers have bought. The retailer chain has brought a new technology called as the Pay Wave model that is utilized for decreasing the queue to a greater extent. By showing or waving the card at the entrance the customers can easily enter into the shop (Shi Lian, 2016). Several trolleys are also connected with RFID tags and readers. Radio frequency identification detector is a newly developed technology which helps to keep track of the products in the primary data record system. The objects or products are automatically goes in the queue for payment just after picking due to the implementation of RFID technology. The object is deleted from the queue if it is removed. Due to the implementation of the card system customers no longer wait in the exit after making the payment and thus the queue is decreased to a greater extent. Those people or customer who has no PayWave card can easily make payment by asking in the front desk of the shop (Qiu Zhang, 2016). In that case they are given a card which is issued by the store. That card will also function in the same way and if there is insufficient balance then a alarm will start ringing. This process makes the whole system faster in response than the previous system. It is also cleared that the customers with PayWave are not given more priority in case of making the payment at the exit to decrease the queue. In the new retailing system one more important thing is to tag the products with RFID. The main advantage of RFID is that it can be applied to make the record of the objects that are sold by the retailer. RFID works by radio frequency. A RFID tag is attached to every product of the retailer chain (Chai et al., 2017). If a product is picked, then it is automatically come to the queue. If the product is cancelled later by the customer, then it is come out from the queue itself. Thus it is important to tag each objects with RFID and the amount which is saved for the implementation of RFID is used for the customers welfare. Another feature is the shopping salary station that can be used in the retailer chain to decrease the queue at the exit. The summary stations are placed in several places of the retailer chain so that the customers are able to see the features and details of the products anywhere (Kumar Shinde, 2016). At the stores, customers can easily identify and find all the features related to the product. For this reason, the main crowd in the queue is decreased to a large extent. Another important feature that can decrease the queue at the exit is the parking. Parking is indirectly related to the queue at the retailer chain exit system. In case of peak shopping period the store car parks are counted in minute with respect to the time duration (Kesavan Mani, 2015). In non-peak periods, the rates are much decreased and also free in case of disabled parking. It is a very appropriate state that can make the queue decreased in a large amount. Conclusion From the above discussion, it is concluded that the retailing chain should bring new features which are discussed above. These features can decrease the amount of queue at the exit of the organization. RFID, PayWave card and shopping summary stations are recommended to handle the queue in the exit in a proper way (Cheong Choy, 2015). Car parking facilities should also be modified to make the queue system more decreased. References Cheong, M. L., Choy, M. (2015). Data Analysis of Retailer Orders to Improve Order Distribution. In Reshaping Society through Analytics, Collaboration, and Decision Support (pp. 211-238). Springer International Publishing. Kesavan, S., Mani, V. (2015). An overview of industry practice and empirical research in retail workforce management. In Retail Supply Chain Management (pp. 113-145). Springer US. Kumar, J., Shinde, V. (2016, March). Performance analysis of queueing model using supply chain management. In Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom), 2016 3rd International Conference on (pp. 2266-2272). IEEE. C, S., Chai, E., Sundaresan, K., Rangarajan, S., Qiu, L. (2017, June). Konark: A RFID based system for enhancing the in-store shopping experience. In Proceedings of the 4th International on Workshop on Physical Analytics (pp. 19-24). ACM. Qiu, C. M., Zhang, W. (2016). Managing long queues for holiday sales shopping. Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, 15(1), 52-65. Shi, Y., Lian, Z. (2016). Equilibrium Strategies and Optimal Control for a Double-Ended Queue. Asia-Pacific Journal of Operational Research, 33(03), 1650022. Xiang, Y., Rossetti, M. D. (2014). The effect of backlog queue and load-building processing in a multi-echelon inventory network. Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory, 43, 54-66. Zhou, H., Wang, J., Li, X. E., Wang, J. Q. (2016). Business competition among the individual retailers in a supply chain is a common event, and it plays an important role in making supply chain decisions. In a newsvendor setting, this paper investigates a supply chain system with a sole manufacturer who may face a production disruption and two independent retailers who compete with price and service level. The demand at each retailer is... Operational Research, 16(1), 131-160.

Australian Engineering Practice Free Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Australian Engineering Practice and Skills. Answer: Engineering is the use or the application of knowledge which can either be scientifically acquired, socially acquired or even practically acquired purposefully to come up with new design or to an extension improve on the existing structures and design.it is a field that is broad and involves various engineering disciplines. Basically, as an engineer, the expectations that primarily come to mind is to be able to critically think of new design or improving on the existing ones so that the various problems within the society are solved. Hence, the knowledge learnt in the university is a reflection of the expected outcome of an engineer(American Society of Civil Engineers, 2011, p. 643). The perspective of engineering remains the same both in the university and the real world since the expectation remains the same. However, there are new roles that one expects to play was an engineer in Australia which includes maintaining the technical competences, precisely solving the various challenges in the society and also enhancing great effectiveness at work. There are various competencies one needs to have to be an engineer including eligibility for membership and also immigration assessment .as an engineer, some of the values that I would add in the engineering field are professionalism, integrity, teamwork and also innovation(Frankline, 2014, p. 975). An expert is someone that has a sustained experience in a particular field of practices or professionalism. Generally, one is considered an expert when the person has a vast knowledge or skills pertaining to a particular matter of discussion. It is derived from experience in that it is a direct function of time and also depends on the quickness of the person in question. (Ronnie, 2011, p. 543). Reading through books and journals in various engineering helps one to acquire knowledge pertaining to engineering as a profession and also to develop some of the core values that are needed in life such as teamwork and integrity. Innovation helps one to understand the importance of teamwork which helps one to take a short time to learn some particular concept rather than working on it alone which ends up consuming time and also one may not be able to completely perform a particular task within the stipulated specifications. This directly starts from the various group projects that are provided in class(Ludden, 2008, p. 346). Listening, seeing and reading are very key in engineering. Listening helps one to understand various concepts. Seeing helps one to be able to identify various problems within the society. It also helps one to be able to critically reason out on how solutions can be computed. On the other hand, reading is equally significant since it makes one be more knowledgeable and also gain new concepts that he or she was not aware of. The process used when carrying out a research is a qualitative and quantitative analysis that involves both collections of data and reading past articles on the subject under discussion. This helps one to understand the concepts and be able to write them down or explain the various process in own words. After doing a research, the noted down findings are electronically stored through computers in a paraphrased language. Paraphrased language involves first comprehending the concept and the various aspects involved and then noting them down in own understanding(Pearson, 2007, p. 735). Collaboration is one of the key factors for success in every organization. This is because all the members will be able to participate and share ideas on particular areas. There are various skills that are gained as one grows particularly teamwork and commitment. It becomes one of the major challenges more so with a teamwork whereby you will realize that some of the team members are not cooperative and also not committed in terms of handling certain things. Thus it sometimes becomes a demoralizing factor Engineers Australia Stage 1 Competencies is based on three particular issues or competencies which defines its importance as described below. It helps to identify whether a person has the professional knowledge and the skills required for the engineering practices. Besides, stage one competency helps to determine whether a person possesses the professional and persona; attributes that are essential for engineering practice A situation that occurred once was when giving instructions to fellow teammates in a hockey sport. This came as a result of rules that had changed and were due to be effected on an upcoming tournament. The situation was not difficult as the team members had learned to cope with new rules and were always flexible and dynamic. The were no difficulties during issuing of the instructions Collaboration helps to achieve best results within a precise duration. It makes work easier and also saves on time since the contrary which is a bit of resistance slows down a process. Collaboration entails some behaviors which have been observed from great collaborators such as understanding, integrity and also patience(Nottingham, 2009, p. 622). After the review of the various skills and attributes, I can comfortably award myself a 4 star in my various skills and attributes. In particular, the skills that I feel competent in include listening, integrity, teamwork and also honesty. Conversely, there are some skills that I have not fully attained more so teamwork since I experience some challenges to do with handling my fellow team members there always arises issues relating to commitment Taking Thomas Edison as one of the engineers that greatly had a positive impact on the society by coming up with the first commercial light. This was a light bulb that had many attributes including possessing a durable incandescent material and a highly resistant filament material. This he was to achieve after a series of tests without giving up. Presently, credits are still rewarded to Edison after successfully helping to bring a solution to the earlier situation of darkness. Apart from the various technical skills, one factor that comes out in Thomas Edison is commitment and the urge to provide a solution. Besides, Edison was patient and ensures that quality time is applied on the project thereby coming up with a solution that is appreciated up to now(Johnstone, 2009, p. 772). Projects vary in size but what matters is the success of any project. Thus there are some aspects that ensures that a project is properly managed. These include Strategic planning, Communication, Resources and the various personnels that will be involved in the success of the project (Brasier, 2008, p. 643). A project needs that quality time is dedicated towards it to ensure its success. It involves the various stages of proper planning else it may not meet a certain deadline and end up being untrusted. Personally, I am good at managing my time since I always complete my tasks within the stipulated deadline. My best behaviors in terms of time management include completing my tasks on time and also always being updated(Kazi John , 2012, p. 352). However, I do find a challenge when managing my time due to a spirit of perfectionism whereby I would tend to ensure that all my answers and tasks are perfect hence this makes me spend much time on the tasks. Engineering Mind mapping This refers to the visual representations and techniques that are applied by both designers and engineers for the purposes of expressing and generating ideas. It generally deals with ensuring that all the ideas that an engineer has been placed down in a piece of paper to enable the person plan well before embarking on the engineering task(Johnstone, 2009). The tools that are required to perform an engineering mind mapping are very simple and easy to acquire. They include pen and a notebook. The process of engineering mind mapping entails placing the main idea or them in the middle part of a paper and then embarking on the generation of ideas .the ideas are placed just sketchily since there is no order and thus the persons doing the mind mapping just write down anything that comes up in his mind. They may be informed of drawings, comments, questions, material listings a, statements among others as long as they are related to the central topic. Besides, there are no word limits hence the engineer should write everything that comes at the back of his mind. Thereafter the designer or the engineer should be able to link these thoughts together by interconnecting the graphics, pictures and the words(Pearson, 2007). This technique does not necessarily mean that it can only be written by the engineer or the designer starts to design. There are no limitations hence it can be written down at any stage of the process of design. One is able to do the kind mapping at the start in order to generate the problem that needs a solution and also at the middle of the task to generate other possible ways of providing the solution. It is most preferred to be done when one feels like emptying the thoughts that one has or when an engineer or a designer is stuck in the middle I the design process. Below are examples of the mind map. It can also be applied in every aspect of life even in the day to day making of decision.it also helps in making one be more creative as it will give room for expression and expansion of the thoughts that a person has(Johnstone, 2009). References American Society of Civil Engineers, A. I. o. C. E., 2011. Engineering Solutions for Sustainability: Materials and Resources. 3rd ed. London: John Wiley Sons. Edward F. Crawley, J. M. S. . D. R. B. K. E., 2014. Rethinking Engineering Education: The CDIO Approach. 1st ed. new york: Springer Science Business Media. Harding, R., 2011. Environmental Decision-making: The Role of Scientists, Engineers, and the Public. 2nd ed. Chicago: Federation Press. Daniel A, 2017. Effective Communication at Work: Say what you mean and get what you want. 1st ed. Chicago: 50Minutes.com. Ludden, M., 2008. Effective Communication Skills: Essential Skills for Success in Work and Life. 2nd ed. Westminister: JIST Publishing, Nottingham, U. o., 2009. Sustainability Engineering. 1st ed. Nottingham: University of Nottingham. Pearson, N., 2007. FCS Professional Engineering Practice L4. 2nd ed. Pretoria: Pearson South Africa. Stephen Johnston, J. P. G. W. J. K., 2009. Engineering and Society: Challenges of Professional Practice. 2nd ed. Carlisle: Prentice Hall,

Feminism Essays (407 words) - Feminist Theory, Womens Rights, Gender

Feminism The word feminism has many connotations. Some include lesbian, feminazi, man-hater, and baby killer. It is interesting to note that all these words convey a negative feeling. It is rare to hear feminism described as female empowerment or as an organized activity on behalf of women's rights and interests, which is how it is defined in the dictionary. Why has feminism taken on such a negative meaning? In this course, feminism has been defined as female empowerment, the recognition of oppression, and the advocation of equality. The syllabus clearly states that academic feminism is not about male bashing?it is about challenging racist, sexist, classist, and homophobic ideologies in order to theorize about a more equitable society, and it is about transforming some of the existing patriarchal and racist paradigms in order to eliminate oppression. In my opinion, any strong and independent woman would want to be labeled as a feminist. Yet many women are cautious, afraid even, of aligning themselves with the word feminist. Fear is part of the equation?the justifiable fear of what lies ahead for any woman boldly proclaiming her commitment to empowerment(Morgan, 55). Is it because in order to be a feminist, a woman must deal with false assumptions about her sexual preference, cultural beliefs, and general outlook on life? I dreaded the long, tedious conversations spent exorcising others of the stereotypes that tend to haunt the collective consciousness?.when we think of the f-word?male basher, crew cut dyke..(Morgan, 56). What woman would want to deal with this constant barrage of insults in order to proclaim herself a feminist? Feminism is often identified with the radical and extreme definition associated with one of its subcategories, Radical Feminism. Radical Feminism emphasized the relationship of women to each other, even going so far as to advocate separatism (women only communes, withholding sex) in order to change the system. Unfortunately, this theory promoted the idea of feminists as lesbians, as man haters who wished to separate themselves from an unjust patriarchal society. Contemporary mass media has also contributed to the negative attitude surrounding feminism. The term feminazi, coined by television and radio personality Rush Limbaugh, is defined by anti-feminists as a feminist who is trying to produce as many abortions as possible, hence the term nazi. Limbaugh is obviously under the misconception that all feminists are pro-choice, which coincides with the whole lesbian/man-hating feeling towards feminism.

Jack Nelsons Problem Essays

Jack Nelsons Problem Essays Jack Nelsons Problem Essay Jack Nelsons Problem Essay Chapter 1Application Case: Jack Nelsons Problem 1. What do you think was causing some of the problems in the bank home office and branches? There is clearly aproblem with communication, and the effects are felt in the area of employee commitment. Additional contributingfactors include the lack of consistency in the policies and procedures of various locations. There is no cohesiveness tothe staffing activities of this organization. 2. Do you think setting up a HR unit in the main office would help? Of course we think it would! Since there are HR-related problems both in the home office and in the branches, it is clear that if a personnel office were set up, it wouldneed to help to coordinate the HR activities in the branches. 3. What specific functions should it carry out? What HR functions would then be carried out by supervisors andother line managers? What role should the Internet play in the new HR organization? There is room for quite abit of variation in the answers to this question. Our suggested organization would include: HR Unit: job analyses,planning labor needs and recruiting, providing advising and training in the selection process, orientation of newemployees, managing wage and salary administration, managing incentives and benefits, providing and managing theperformance appraisal process, organization-wide communications, and providing training developing services. Supervisors and Other Line Managers: interviewing and selection of job candidates, training new employees,appraising performance, departmental personal communications, and training development. Internet and HR: shiftsome activities to specialized online service portals and/or providers. Continuing Case: Carter Cleaning Company 1. Make a list of 5 specific HR problems you think Carter Cleaning will have to grapple with? Potential answers could include the following:1) Staffing the company with the right human capital by identifying the skills and competencies that arerequired to perform the jobs and the type of people that should be hired. Sourcing candidates andestablishing an efficient and effective recruiting and selection process will be an important first step. ) Planning and establishing operational goals and standards and developing rules and procedures tosupport business goals and strategies. Failure to do so will result in a lack of clarity around performanceexpectations down the line as each store becomes operational. 3) Implementing effective Performance Management through setting performance standards, highquality appraisal of performance, and providing ongoing p erformance coaching and feedback to developthe abilities of each person and support positive employee relations. ) Designing an effective compensation system that will give the company the ability to attract, retainand motivate a high quality workforce, providing appropriate wages, salaries, incentives and benefits. Apoorly designed system will result in difficulty in attracting candidates, turnover and low employeemorale. 5) Training and developing employees both at the management and employee level to be able toperform the job to meet the performance expectations. This should include a new hire orientationprogram as well as a program for ongoing training and development. Lack of attention to thiscomponent may result in errors, increase in operational costs, turnover, and morale problems. 2. What would you do first if you were Jennifer ? Answers will vary; however, probably the most important first step is to ensure that thestaffing process is well designed and targeting the right mix of skills and abilities neededamong candidates. A thorough job should be done in analyzing the requirements of each  job, developing a complete job description for each role, and sourcing candidates thatmeet those requirements. Significant time should be invested in the hiring process toensure that the candidates hired meet the requirements and possess the skills andabilities to do the job. Chapter 3 Application Case: Siemens Builds a StrateUntitled 1gy – Oriented HR System 1. Based on the information in this case, provide examples, for Siemens, of at least four strategically requiredorganizational outcomes, and four required workforce competencies and behaviors. Strategically requiredorganizational outcomes would be the following: 1) An employee selection and compensation system that attracts andretains the human talent necessary to support global diversification into high tech products and services 2) A â€Å"learningcompany† in which employees are able to learn on a continuing basis; 3) A culture of lobal teamwork which willdevelop and use all the potential of the firm’s human resources; 4) A climate of mutual respect in a global organization. Workforce competencies and behaviors could include 1) Openness to learning; 2) teamwork skills; 3) cross-culturalexperience; 4) openness, respect and appreciation for workforce diversity. 2. Identify at least four of the strategically relevant HR system policies and activites that Siemens hasinstitut ed in order to help HR contribute to achieving Siemens’ strategic goals. ) Training and development activities to support continuous learning through a system of combinedclassroom and hands-on apprenticeship training to support technical learning; 2) Continuing education andmanagement development to as developing skills necessary for global teamwork and appreciation for  cultural diversity; 3) Enhanced internal selection process which includes pre-requisites of cross-border andcross cultural experiences for career advancement; 4) Organizational development activities aimed atbuilding openness, transparency, fairness, and supporting diversity 3. Provide a brief illustrative outline of an HR scorecard for Siemens. Metrics could include things such as:1. Level of organizational learning:a. Number of hours of technical training per employee (class room and hands-on)b. Number of hours of education management development2. Level of cross cultural team worka. Number of employees assigned to roles including cross-border and cross-cultural experiencesb. Survey results measuring employee climate on dimensions of teamwork, openness,transparency, fairness, diversity3. Extent to which the employees can describe the company’s core values4. Effectiveness of selection process for identifying high quality candidates – number of qualifiedcandidates per position, turnover and retention statistics. Continuing Case: the Carter Cleaning Company 1. Would you recommend that the Carters expand their quality program? If so,specifically what form should it take? Most students will agree that there areopportunities to expand the quality program. The employee meeting approach is a good tart in terms of utilizing high involvement organizational practices. There are opportunitiesto maximize the overall quality of their human capital. For example, training seems to bean obvious area to focus in terms of educating and building awareness about basicstandards and procedures. 2. Assume the Carters want to institute a high performance work system as a testprogram in one of their stores. Write a one page outline summarizing what such aprogram would consist of . Students should include some of the following ideas in their  outline: Identify the types of HR practices they would implement to improve quality,productivity, financial performance; methods for job enrichment; strategies for implementand leverage a team-based organization; ways to implement and facilitate highcommitment work practices; employee development and skill building to foster increasedcompetency and capability in the workforce; a compensation program which providesincentives (for example profit sharing; pay for performance) for achieving major goals andfinancial targets. Chapter 4 Continuing Case: Carter Cleaning Company The Job Description 1. What should be the format and final form of the store manager’s job description? The format noted in figure 4-7 could be a reasonable format to use. Students mayrecommend that Jennifer include standards of performance section in the job description. This lists the standards the employee is expected to achieve under each of the jobdescription’s main duties and responsibilities, and would address the problem of  employees not understanding company policies, procedures, and expectations. Inaddition, students may recommend that Jennifer instead take a competency-basedapproach which describes the job in terms of the measurable, observable, behavioralcompetencies that an employee doing that job must exhibit. Because competencyanalysis focuses more on â€Å"how† the worker meets the job’s objectives or actuallyaccomplishes the work, it is more worker focused. 2. Was it practical to specify standards and procedures in the body of the jobdescription, or should these be kept separately? They do not need to be keptseparately, and in fact both Jennifer and the employees would be better served byincorporating standards and procedures into the body of the description. The exception tothis would be if the standards and procedures are so complex or involved that it becomesmore pragmatic to maintain a separate procedures manual. 3. How should Jennifer go about collecting the information required for the standards,procedures, and job description? She should first go about conducting the jobanalysis, collecting information about the work activities, human behaviors, machines,tools, equipment, and work aids, performance standards, job context, and humanrequirements. The best methods for collecting this information in this case are throughinterview, questionnaires, observation, diaries/logs maintained by employees, In addition,she should ensure that she is identifying the essential functions of the job, and that thedescriptions are ADA compliant

AFA assing1 Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

AFA assing1 - Article Example The most significant aspect that contributes to the bad attitude towards Africa is the skin color and language. Historically, Africans have been described as â€Å"the Black† and that notion has brought about huge attitude discrimination concerning African. Racial discrimination has been served to Africans for a long time. Sometimes, Africans are deemed to be mentally retarded or creatures that are still evolving. My role as a budding scholar is to highlight some pretty things that emanate from Africa. In this case, the picture of Africa will be drawn again by demarking phenomenon aspects of Africa such as the attractive culture, good geographical sceneries and people with bright minds. African concepts of God has emanated from a very close affiliation with nature and absolute dependence on the land. Since the nature is very much dependent on the rain, Africa developed a desire to appease the being that brings rains and make the nature attractive. In this case, they realized that there is a supreme that controls the welfare of the nature. They referred to this divine being as God. Monotheism is the concept used to describe the existence of only one Supreme Being known as God. In this case, every person worships the supreme Being making declaration that there exist none-other to be worshiped. A good example of monotheism is the

Business Impact Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business Impact Analysis - Essay Example ing the postal system is the Office of Inspector General (OIG) whose chief officer reports directly to the Postal Office’s Governors and not subject to any supervisory jurisdiction to any other Postal Service in the country (USPS OIG: David Williams, 2010). Due to the delicate nature of the tasks, responsibilities, and accountabilities accorded all personnel working for USPS OIG, a business impact analysis is most useful in assisting management in determining which functions are critical to the continued operation of the organization. According the its official website, the mission of the office is to assist in the maintenance of confidence through safeguarding the organization’s bottom line concurrent with undertaking both audits and investigations. It was specifically stated that â€Å"audits of postal programs and operations help to determine whether the programs and operations are efficient and cost-effective. Investigations help prevent and detect fraud, waste, and misconduct and have a deterrent effect on postal crimes† (USPS OIG: Mission, 2010, par.1). In this regard, the OIG is tasked with focusing on the following strategic goals which are considered relevant as giving direction to the organization: generation of revenue, improving and increasing the organization’s efficiency in performance, focusing on improvement of service, emphasis on a culture which focuses on the customers, increasing awareness on sustainability efforts, and regular monitoring and apprising on regulatory studies and obligations to report (OIG: Semi-Annual Report to Congress, 2008, 7). Business impact assessment is one of the steps incorporated in business continuity planning. Since OIG undertakes audits and investigations, the initial step to identify critical areas that would ensure the accomplishment of identified objectives entails reviewing the STEEP (social, technological, economic, ecological, and political) factors that impact its operations (Van der Heijden, et.al.,

Financial Risk Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Financial Risk Management - Essay Example At the business level, managers use VaR as a standard summery of market risk exposure. A benefit of the VaR which is a, the great value theory, is that it may be computed without full information of the return allocation. Semi or fully non-parametric estimation processes are obtainable for downside risk estimation. Additionally, at an adequately low confidence level the VaR calculate explicitly concentrates regulators and risk manager’s attention on uncommon losses, than on potential catastrophic great losses. The general use of VaR based risk management is that, it has become increasingly significant in the study of the belongings the option market, and the stock market of these constraints. For instance, organizations with a VaR constraint may be willing to purchase out of the money put choices on the market portfolio so as to limit their downside risk. If multiple organizations follow the similar risk management plan, then this will clearly lift the equilibrium costs of the se options. In addition the form of the returns of stock distribution in equilibrium will be influenced by the management efforts of collective risk. As an outcome, it is possible that the allocation of stock returns will become more heavy-tailed. This would involve the effort to control market risk, and therefore to decrease default risk, has it unfavorably increased the chance of such events. A part of the Long Tern Capital Management (LTCM) strategy was to expect that the increase between various rates would become limited, especially, the increases among the rates of corporate bonds and treasury bonds which are at an uncommonly high historical level. â€Å"LTCM was considered unique among hedge funds because of the large scale of its activities and size of its positions in certain markets.† (Long Term Capital Management 1999). 2. Background Barings Bank Francis Baring established Barings Bank in 1762, in UK. The British government paid commissions to Barings to raise fund s to finance wars in the mid 1800s against US and France. Barings was regarded as the London's biggest 'American House.' (The Fall of Barings Bank n.d). Between 1860 and1890, Barings was also occupied in offering loans to Argentina. Barings was on the verge of bankruptcy in 1890 when Argentina failed to make bond payments. However, major banks in London like the Bank of England came forward to assist the bank. This disaster had a key impact on Barings and it persuaded the bank to shift all its business to the North American continent. Barings started a consultancy to advice people especially like those who belong to aristocratic class, in their assets management. The bank began to grow well and continued to earn considerable profits. In 1980s, the bank commenced its operation in US again and acquired the stock broking support of Henderson Crosthwaite, which later on came to be known as BSL.  Barings Bank collapsed in 1995, because of the actions of Nick Leeson, a trader who misapp ropriated almost $1.4 billion. â€Å"The loss was due to a huge exposure to Japanese stock market.† (Barring Banks and Nick Leeson n.d). Industry analysts says that the fall of the Barings is a classic instance of poor risk management practices. The bank had entirely failed to set up an appropriate financial system, operational control system and managerial system. Due to the absence of efficient supervision and control, Leeson got the opportunity to perform his illegal trading activities and that too without being detected for a considerable period of time. The collapses of Barings Bank were happened only because of the

Water Temperature And Evaporation Rate

Water Temperature And Evaporation Rate This report details the scientific method used to investigate the effects of water temperature on the rate at which the water will evaporate. Project design plan: Problem statement The purpose of this experiment was to compare the effect of temperature on the evaporation rate of water. The vision was to establish three containers of water. Each container contains the same amount of water. Surrounding air and humidity are kept consistent. One container is kept at a consistent room temperature; one container is kept at a heated consistent temperature; one container is kept at a cooled consistent temperature. The issue being examined is how the three different water temperatures impacts the rate at which the water evaporates from the container. The experiment was conceived as part of an effort to learn more about Global Warming. Since the world is made up of approximately 75% water, there is a desire to understand how increases in water temperature impacted the evaporation of water and if Global Warming could impact the worlds water base. Relevance of the question evaporation is the scientific process where a liquid is converted to a gas state by increasing the speed of its moleculars which causes a release in energy. Water evaporates faster at higher temperatures although any amount of heat resulting from the release of this energy will cause water to evaporate. Literature review http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/evaporation-water-surface-d_690.html this site provides a detailed process and mathematical equations for calculating the amount of evaporated water from a water surfaces. The amount of evaporation depends on the temperature in the water and in the air, and the humidity and velocity of the air above the surface. This site can be used as a reference to determine the level at which evaporation will occur in the experiment. http://www.usc.edu/CSSF/History/2002/Projects/J0615.pdf this site provides the results of an experiment that measured which factor had the greatest effect on the rate of evaporation of water. The factors tested were surface area, wind speed, air temperature and water temperature. The results of this experiment validated the hypothesis for this experiment. Experimental design The constants in this experiment were: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The type of water (tap) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The amount of water à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The location where the water is placed à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The size of the container à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The number of test conducted à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The type of the container à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The length of time the water has to evaporate Materials Used Quantity Item Description 1 Small home humidifier 1 Gallon jug of tap water 1 Graduated measuring cup 1 Digital wall mounted temperature and humidity gauge 3 8 ounce glass glasses 1 Digital thermometer 1 4 foot square, 3 foot high table 1 4 inch circular electrical heating plate 1 Thermos 1 Digital timer 1 1212 terry cloth cooling towel Steps executed in the experimental procedure 1. Collect all required materials 2. Stabilize and maintain the humidity in testing room using a small home air humidifier. For the testing, the humidity was stabilized at 40%. 3. Stabilize and maintain the temperature in testing room using the home HVAC system. For the testing, the room temperature was stabilized at 70 °. 4. Stabilize and maintain the air speed in testing room using isolated room. For the testing, the air speed was essentially dead calm. Note: no special equipment was used to stabilize the air speed. The test was conducted in an isolated room. There was some air movement introduced into the room through stabilizing the room temperature and humidity but was considered not significant enough to impact the tests. 5. Place a gallon jug of tap water in the testing room for 3 days so it adjusts to the room temperature and humidity. 6. Pour 100 ml. of tap water from the gallon jug stabilized to testing room temperature into each of 3 identical 8 ounce glass glasses using a graduated measuring cup. 7. Place the glasses into the center of the room on a table 3 feet off the floor so they are being equally affected by room temperature, humidity, and air movement. 8. Using a 4 inch, circular heating plate, place one of the glasses on the heating plate. The heating plate will raise the temperature of the water in the glass to 140 degrees. Note: it takes 30 minutes for the heating plate to heat the water in this glass to the 140 degree mark. Once this consistent temperature is reached, the volume of the water in this glass is rechecked to make sure the testing starting point is 100 ml. 9. Using a thermos, cooled via keeping it in a refrigerator for 24 hours, insert one of the glasses inside the thermos. The thermos will lower the temperature of the water in the glass to 35 degrees. Note: it takes 30 minutes for the thermos to cool the water in this glass to the 35 degree mark. Once this consistent temperature is reached, the volume of the water in this glass is rechecked to make sure the testing starting point is 100 ml. 10. Place a glass on the table and let it stabilize to the room temperature. Note: it takes 30 minutes for the water in this glass to stabilize to the room temperature degree mark. Once this consistent temperature is reached, the volume of the water in this glass is rechecked to make sure the testing starting point is 100 ml. 11. Using the timer, let the water sit in the testing room at the 3 different temperatures for 180 minutes. 12. Using a graduated measuring cup, measure the remaining water in milliliters from each glass. 13. Record how many milliliters remained after evaporation for each temperature for each test. 14. Repeat steps 11-12 for 2 more cycles. Total evaporation time is 9 hours. 15. Wait 24 hours from the start of the test. Repeat steps 1-14. 16. Repeat steps 14 one more time. Reason for choosing this particular experimental design plan the reason for this particular experimental design plan was to provide 3 water sources maintained at 3 different temperatures kept in a controlled humidity, room temperature and air rate environment. This environment was expected to provide a static environment to allow water evaporation to progress solely based on the temperature of the 3 water sources. Using identical starting water amounts and a graduated measuring cup to measure the resulting water amounts was expected to provide the most accurate results. Sequence of events used to collect quantitative data 1. Using the timer, let the water sit in the testing room at the 3 different temperatures for 180 minutes. 2. Using a graduated measuring cup, measure the remaining water in milliliters from each glass. 3. Record how many milliliters remained after evaporation for each temperature for each test. 4. Repeat steps 1-3 for 3 more cycles. Total evaporation time is 9 hours. 5. Wait 24 hours from the start of the test. Repeat steps 1-4. 6. Repeat steps 5 two more times. Tools, technologies, and measurement units used to collect quantitative data The recorded variable was the amount of water in milliliters that remained after evaporation was allowed to occur over in 180 minutes. The water in the 3 glass glasses was measured in milliliters using a graduated measuring cup before and after the evaporation occurred. Dependent, independent, and controlled variables Dependent variables the observed result of the independent variable being manipulated was the resulting water amount in each glass after evaporation has occurred Independent variables the value being manipulated or changed in this experiment was the water temperature of the water contained in the 3 glass glasses. Controlled variables the controlled variables were the air humidity, the air speed, the room temperature, the type of water (tap), the amount of water, the location where the water was placed, the size of the containers used, the number of tests conducted, the type of the containers used, and the length of time the water had to evaporate. Threat reduction to internal validity To reduce the threats to internal validity the following steps were taken: 1. Stabilize and maintain the humidity in testing room using a small home air humidifier. For the testing, the humidity was stabilized at 40%. 2. Stabilize and maintain the air speed in testing room using isolated room. For the testing, the air speed was essentially dead calm. Note: no special equipment was used to stabilize the air speed. The test was conducted in an isolated room. There was some air movement introduced into the room through stabilizing the room temperature and humidity but was considered not significant enough to impact the tests. 3. Stabilize and maintain the room temperature in testing room using the home HVAC system. For the testing, the room temperature was stabilized at 70 °. 4. Stabilize the water used by placing a gallon jug of tap water in the testing room for 3 days so it adjusts to the room temperature and humidity. 5. Stabilize the test environment by placing the glasses into the center of the room on a table 3 feet off the floor so they are being equally affected by room temperature, humidity, and air movement. Hypothesis The hypothesis was that the temperature of the water would affect the evaporation rate of the water the most and that the higher the water temperature, the more evaporation that would occur. The hypothesis proposed that the warmer the water, the more molecules escaped as vapor, and thus evaporated. The hypothesis theorized that the warmer the waters molecules were the more energy that would be produced and the amount of molecules escaping as vapor would occur at a much faster pace than molecules at lower temperatures. Process of data collection: At the end of each evaporation cycle of 180 minutes, the contents of each glass were poured into the graduated measuring cup and the resulting water in milliliters was measured and recorded. The data below shows the resulting milliliters for each sample for each test cycle as well as the percentage of evaporation that occurred which was determined by subtracting the resulting value from the original 100 milliliters and dividing by 100 to result in a percentage. Evaporation Test #1 Sample Resulting milliliters Sample Percentage of water evaporation Hours 3 6 9 3 6 Heated water 70 42 5 Heated water 0.3 0.58 Room temperature water 99 98 97 Room temperature water 0.01 0.02 Cooled water 91 80 68 Cooled water 0.09 0.2 Evaporation Test #2 Hours 3 6 9 3 6 Heated water 73 48 10 Heated water 0.27 0.52 Room temperature water 98 97 96 Room temperature water 0.02 0.03 Cooled water 99 98 97 Cooled water 0.01 0.02 Evaporation Test #3 Hours 3 6 9 3 6 Heated water 78 48 11 Heated water 0.22 0.52 Room temperature water 99 98 97 Room temperature water 0.01 0.02 Cooled water 96 88 86 Cooled water 0.04 0.12 Results of experiment: The original purpose of this experiment was to compare the effect of temperature on the evaporation rate of water. The results for the heated sample were as hypothesized. The highest rate of evaporation occurred in the heated sample. Also as the amount of water source decreased from previous evaporations, the subsequent evaporations were larger. The room temperature sample had marginal evaporation as expected. The results of the cooled sample were somewhat surprising, especially in the first test. It was assumed that the rate of evaporation would have been slowed down due to the cooler temperature and it would take longer for the evaporation to occur since the water source would have to warm over time for the molecules to excite and turn into vapor and evaporate. In researching this, it was discovered that these results might have been caused by the perspiration effect on cold water. It was noticed that there was a great deal of perspiration on the outside of the glass when the measurements were taken. After the first test, in an attempt to control this perspiration factor, the thermos was wrapped in the cooling towel. This did have an effect of the readings but the cooled sample results were still inconsistent and not what was expected. The results of the 3 separate tests showed consistency in the rate of evaporation across the both the heated and room temperature sources. This satisfies my goal of having a controlled environment in which to perform the tests. Conclusion: The results of the experiment confirmed the hypothesis in terms of heat having the largest impact on the evaporation rate of water. The heated sample had the greatest rate of evaporation. The hypothesis was that the temperature of the water would affect evaporation rate most. The results indicate that this hypothesis should be accepted, because the heated water source had the greatest rate of evaporation. The experimental design was a key factor in the success of the scientific inquiry. By controlling the air humidity, the air speed, the room temperature, the type of water (tap), the amount of water, the location where the water was placed, the size of the containers used, the number of tests conducted, the type of the containers used, and the length of time the water had to evaporate variables, enabled a controlled environment and allowed the focus of the experiment to be on the variable being manipulated which was the resulting water amount in each glass after evaporation has occurred. If the experimental design was faulty and the controlled environment was not established, other variables may have impacted the results. Humidity, air rate and air speed are factors in the rate of evaporation. If they were not controlled, the results of the experiment would have most likely been inconsistent. This experiment is valid since the test environment was controlled and only one variable was impacted by the test. Having multiple uncontrolled variable can invalidate an experiment in most cases. The experimental design and execution steps listed above would allow anyone to execute this experiment. If the tests were to be re-executed, the perspiration effect of the cooled sample needs to be taken into account and included in the measurements. Re-execution of the experiment described above and resulting similar results validates the experiment.

The Quintessential Rebel :: essays research papers

The Quintessential Rebel In Allan Sillitoe’s The Loneliness of a Long Distance Runner, we are introduced to Smith, a man with his own standards, beliefs, values, and battles. As we are taken through the story of a period of his live, we come to understand what Smith really stands for. He is a diehard rebel that is destined to always stick to his beliefs, and is willing to sacrifice all in a battle against his greatest enemy and opressor, society. Throughout the book Smith gives us a chance to get to know him. He willingly shares his thoughts with the reader, and often times his thoughts develop as he is telling his story giving us an up-close look at the inner workings of Smith’s mind and personality. Smith belongs to a group of people he calls the Out-Laws. It is the underprivileged lower class poor street criminals. Crime runs in Smith’s family, and being born into poverty he nether sees, nor is even willing to contemplate a life without crime. At a point he hints on having some communist views, and perhaps suggests that his father had communist friends, if he wasn’t one himself. Fatally inflicted by cancer, Smith’s father died a painful death. We later find out that it was Smith who found his father breathless in a pool of his own blood, and to this day has a great deal of respect for him. The first time Smith’s family gets a taste of a financially comfortable life is when the factor y his father worked in gave them a lump of cash upon his father’s death. â€Å"†¦a wad of crisp blue-back fivers ain’t a sight of good† (Sillitoe, 20) says Smith as the one break his family got was only due to his father’s death. Smith is not money hungry, he steels simply to get by. He knows exactly where he stands in the world- in direct opposition of the In-laws, the â€Å"pig-faced snotty-nosed dukes and ladies"†(Sillitoe, 8). He realizes that he is a poor nobody, a petty criminal, an outcast of society. Smith by nature is a rebel. He puts himself and his fellow Out-laws in direct opposition of the rest; for him it’s â€Å"us versus them†. As we are getting to know Smith, he is spending his time in a Borstal after having been caught for a bakery robbery. He has no regrets about doing what he did in the bakery shop, and has a big enough heart to be happy for his accomplice, Mike for getting off.

College Gap Year Essay

Graduation is the time when young students become liberated from the daily grind and gain freedom to choose whatever they want to do with their lives. Some students decide to go directly to college, while some prefer to go to the workforce. A gap year, or a year off of school between high school and college, is another option for graduated students. In 2009, The Chicago Tribune published an article titled †Should Teens Take a Gap Year or go Straight to College?† by Cory Marchi claiming that a gap year is used to postpone a student’s future because they want to sightsee. He thinks that students won’t benefit from a year off of schooling, and doesn’t acknowledge the real world experience that can be gained from working or learning valuable life lessons during that time. A gap year after high school can help students determine what they want to pursue as their major, and what they desire out of their career. Marchi believes that because tuition is very expensive, increasing an average of eight percent or more annually, students should directly go to college in order to keep tuition costs down. However, if students aren’t sure what direction they want to take in life, they might benefit from year out of school to carefully consider their options. If they proceed with college before they know what they want, they may make a choice of major that they will regret later on, and they will then have to change their major, which could add another year’s tuition, exhausting limited college funds. During a gap year, students can take time to â€Å"soul search† and find what they really want out of their life. If the young graduates need another year to determine what career will make them the happiest in years to come, it is worth an eight percent penalty. During a gap year, students can find employment while determining their major and career. College is very expensive, and some students need an extra year of savings to put toward the cost of their education in order to keep their debt manageable. Although students may lose roughly eight percent in tuition from one year to the next, they would be able to save money to pay for that eight percent and the extra could be applied toward the rest of their tuition. Responsible students wouldn’t use a gap year as â€Å"a year of sightseeing,† like Marchi suggests, but instead would use it to help pay for their higher education. Marchi feels that students may not be motivated enough to continue with college after a gap year, but students who choose to take a gap year have the relaxation of a full year before they have to continue their education in college, and can recharge their batteries after twelve straight years of schooling. Students who are forced to attend college will get less out of their college education than those who work hard during their gap year. If a young adult doesn’t want to put in the effort toward their education, then they won’t be able to reap the rewards. If any student wants to attend college and is willing to put forth the effort, it will not make a difference if they take a gap year or if they don’t. Marchi also states that â€Å"delaying college can also delay the start of a career,† which may be true. However, a single year won’t be a handicap that can’t be overcome after graduation. The average job search lasts for about six months, and can take much longer. If students start their job search right after their graduation from college, they might have to wait until the next year to find a job. If gap year students start their search in the beginning of their senior year, and have a job lined up for after graduation, they could be only months behind the class they graduated high school with. They would also have a year of real-life experience in the work force to add to their resume that the non-gap year students wouldn’t have. Students can do whatever they want during their year off of school, but many get jobs and learn valuable life lessons that look good on a resume, helping them stand out in the crowd of applicants. A break from the daily grind of school can help students determine what career they want to pursue for four or more years of college. Cory Marchi believes that gap years do nothing for students other than hold them back, but gap years can help students find their ambitions, save money for tuition, and use their college years more effectively.

Substance Abuse in Modern Times Professor Ramos Blog

Substance Abuse in Modern Times Substance abuse is a huge problem today, yet, many people don’t know how big of a problem it is in the States. According to a study conducted in 2005, â€Å"22 million Americans had a problem or struggled with drugs and alcohol. 95 percent of these people were unaware they had a legitimate problem, and many were unsuccessful in finding help or assistance with this problem† (HealthyPeople.gov, 2020 Topics and Adjectives, par.1). Also as Psychology Today states, â€Å"Both substance use disorders and gambling behaviors have an increased likelihood of being accompanied by mental health conditions such as depression and anxiety or other pre-existing problems. Substance use and gambling disorders not only engage the same brain mechanisms of compulsivity, they respond to many of the same approaches to treatment† (Psychology Today, What is Addiction?). This is particularly true today where there are many cases of mental health being tied to substance abuse. Now, imagine a world where this problem was eliminated. Many families would be saved, lives wouldnt be in jeopardy, and there would be a new sense of cleanliness. Most of the human race obtain alcohol or drugs by purchasing these things at the local supermarket, pharmacy, or even the nearby corner store. However, since these two things are so readily available, it can be easy to get carried away with purchasing such goods. There’s really no way of tracking how much one has bought and consumed except at public bars. If a record system was implemented, there would be better control over these substances. A record system would be relatively easy to maintain and control. Once an American Citizen turns 21, he/she would automatically be enrolled into a system that tracks the amount of drugs or alcohol purchased by the individual. There would be different algorithms for each person, based on their background, in-house family members over 21, and financial stability. In simpler terms, if one was to purchase absurd amounts of alcohol in a short amount of time, a red flag would pop up on the persons record. This would cause a caretaker or someone of the sort to go check up on that individual. They would make sure they are okay and doing well. There would also be some slack for those who are medically prescribed a medication and need to order or purchase it consistently. This would prove beneficial because as time goes on, â€Å"eventually drug abuse can consume your life, stopping social and intellectual development. This only reinforces feelings of isolation† (Laurence Robinson, Melinda Smith and Jeanne Segal. Drug Abuse and Addiction. Par. 9). So basically when a person is going through any type of substance abuse, whether it be drugs or alcohol, or both, the desires and feelings of isolation can start to cultivate. This would cause people to start resisting help a lot more than usual. Thus, making resources for help useless. This record system would also help people see an actual visual representation of how much they are consuming. When many today buy alcohol, they arent aware how much they are actually putting into their bodies. However, with this new record. It would show them face to face how much they are buying and consuming as well. The other nice thing about this system would be that everything on the persons record or account, would be private. Only the person whom the account is tied to would be able to access all the information on the record. They wouldn’t have to feel guilty or nervous that other people would be viewing their activity. The only people that would be able to see it would be authorized professionals that only seek out to help those that raise a couple red flags. So there would really be no shame factor in this system. As was mentioned earlier, substance abuse is a very real problem that needs to be known. There are families, mental health, physical health, communities, and lives at stake every day with this tragic problem. Many try to turn to rehab and last there for years. Yet, that is often after the fact, when it’s too late. When people already realize there is a problem within them. So why not stop it sooner? This record system would open the eyes of many before problems arise. It would encourage people to think twice before purchasing drugs or alcohol. Don’t we all want a world free of addiction?  Ã‚   Laurence Robinson, Melinda Smith, Jeanne Segal. Drug Abuse and Addiction, June 2019. Help Guide HealthyPeople.org. 2020 Topics and Objectives, Substance abuse, 2014. Psychology Today, What is addiction?, 2019.

The eNotes Blog Toga! Toga! Toga! Its the Ides ofMarch!

Toga! Toga! Toga! Its the Ides ofMarch! In William Shakespeares Julius Caesar, a soothsayer warns the would-be king to Beware the Ides of March. Like the basis for many of Shakespeares plays, the impetus is not completely original. In this case, he adapted the line from Plutarchs much tamer rendering in The Life of Julius Caesar which advises Caesar to take heed of the day of the Ides of March. Shakespeare popularized the warning by adding a little punch to the original. Caesar would have done well to listen to the soothsayer, stay home, and catch up on some reading. After all,  the admonition wasnt the only portent of doom. His wife, Calphurnia, had dreamed that bad things were going to happen to him, and even offers to let him blame her for being unduly anxious as an excuse for him to stay home on that fated day. For a bit of background, the Ides of March involved a series of complicated formulas predicated on lunar activity and was used in the Julian calendar, a system which Caesar himself instituted. There are other ides but not all fall on the fifteenth. The Ides of January, for example, falls on the  thirteenth. Julius Caesar was indeed assassinated on the Ides of March in 44 B.C. by a gang of conspirators, including   Cassius and Brutus. (Et tu, Brute? a dying Caesar opines. In French, the familiar use of tu rather than vous here bespeaks the intimacy in which Caesar had held his supposed friend.) Assuming no one has had dreams of your demise and a straggly stranger hasnt whispered threats into your ear, you may want to celebrate the Ides. Here are some modern ways of doing so: Hop a plane to Rome and join the Hash House Harriers for their annual Toga Run. Pop open a craft house brew from Founders Brewing Company, who annually releases new beers on the Ides of March. Bate thy breath and sit upon thine hands and watch  the George Clooney movie The Ides of March. and, of course, TOGA TOGA TOGA!!!!!!!!!!!!!! (John Belushi in Animal House.)

Ethic Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Ethic Reflection - Essay Example do not directly contribute to the bottom line, they contribute towards social responsibility and develop relationships with the neighboring communities. Therefore, when organizations are confronted with hard decisions, they need to know that coming up with decisions will not only affect the employees and the corporation, but it has an impact on the stakeholders of the company and the public communities. Moreover, making the wrong or right decisions will affect many individuals, which is why ethics is so significant (Fassin, 2012). Stakeholders are those individuals that have a stake in the company. Stakeholders should be convinced that the resources spent on making the business a success are used well. It also assists the organizations to center on performance as passionate stakeholders still judge organizations primarily on their ability to deliver and the customer experience (Fassin, 2009). Ethics and social responsibility facilitates the organization to realize less wasteful and i nnovative methods to clarify to the stakeholders how good their business is and makes sure corporate citizenship and good business are practiced and understood all over the organization. This ensures that the stakeholders and other individuals involved in the organization to adjust to any changes in the company progressively and this prevents hostility and anger toward the organization (Elms, Brammer, Harris, & Phillips, 2010). My ethical perception has taken a complete new viewpoint throughout this program. I feel that my personal view of ethics is progressing, bearing in mind the information and knowledge I am gaining through this program and the personal experiences. At first, I used to love working on assignments on my own, and not asking for assistance since I feared something would not be done correctly. However, that has changed, and now I tend to work well with co-workers and I am patient. I discovered that I work well in groups, and my communication with co-workers is good.

Distance Zones (Sociology Class) Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Distance Zones (Sociology Class) - Research Paper Example In his groundbreaking study, Prof. Hall introduced the four notations in his system, which are the public, social, personal and intimate distance (Weiten, Dunn & Hammer 247). The diagram as shown below illustrates his theory on how distance affects the way people will interact: This paper is a summary of several observations made in a crowded mall nearby and how many people fit into Halls distance zones during the course of the day, as shown below. The table comprises a total of one hundred observations made over the course of one hour: The largest group is composed of social distance which is not quite surprising if we consider that the mall is pretty much crowded during the time of the observation and it is also a weekend (Sunday mid-afternoon). People may have wanted more distance between them but inside a crowded mall, this is not entirely possible, especially with a special sale going on and there were many shoppers hunting for bargains. This partly explains why the public zone was smaller than anticipated because the mall is an enclosed space rather than an open mall like a country mall (strip mall) or town center. The third largest group is the intimate zone as lovers (adolescents, young singles, newly-married spouses and older couples) may have found a sale a good reason to bring their loved ones along and at the same time enjoy a little intimacy too. The personal zone comprised the smallest group and this more or less coincides with the rare occasion of a special sale for friends or colleagues to go out to gether. Many people have opted to go with their families or lovers, instead of going out with friends, many of whom they see a lot of times already on other occasions. The intimate distance group is not limited to lovers only but includes families going out together (parents and children) as well. As an aside, it is rare to have seen an older man and a younger woman

Symbolism in The Red Convertible by Louise Erdrich Essay

Symbolism in The Red Convertible by Louise Erdrich - Essay Example The car becomes an integral part of the relationship between the brothers. They embark on a long trip, taking turns driving the car. On their return, Henry gets drafted into the Army where he becomes a marine. While leaving, he entrusts the car to Lyman’s care and hands over his keys. Once Henry returns home from the Vietnam War, he suffers stress disorders and, in a bid to divert Henry’s attention from the traumatic memories of war, Lyman whacks the car so Henry will focus his attention on fixing it. As expected, Henry commits himself to repairing the car. The brothers again take a trip to the Red River, where they fight, reconcile and then Henry commits suicide. The story’s main focus is the bondage between the brothers and Erdrich uses symbolism throughout the narrative to emphasize the strength of their relationship. Right at the beginning of the story, the author uses the color red as a symbol of bonding between the brothers. By deploying the â€Å"Red Convertible† as a fascination for the brothers, the author symbolizes the blood relationship between them. The car rather assumes the proportion of a living character rather than a non-living thing in the brothers’ lives when Lyman reminisces about it as being â€Å"reposed, calm and gleaming† instead of being parked in the place (McMahan et al. p†¦.).

OSHA and the Automotive Workplace Essay Example for Free

OSHA and the Automotive Workplace Essay There are materials used in the automotive industry that are considered highly combustible and can easily catch fire once exposed to such element. Proper handling should be studied well and implemented depending upon the flammability of the material. On the contrary, mishandling of these substances will present risks to people’s lives and assets’ damages. There are classifications made by the concerned agencies with respect to the types of handling risks. A certain department in the United States regulated the shipping procedures of these highly flammable materials. Fire department directive allows containers up to 227 litres for material classes that are considered as explosives. These solvent containers are made up of metals intended for transport of these substances. For highly volatile and flammable materials, tight enclosures are applied to prevent leaks. Proper specifications are set by the concerned department including the maximum allowable amount for every container and other specified parameters. After filling up the containers, proper labeling is the next step. Labeling should include the name of the substance inside the container and the class level of the material to be transported. Safety reminders and other precautionary signs should also be included in labeling the vessel of such highly flammable materials. Conditions of the materials that might cooperate seriously with combustible and flammable liquids must be store separately from them. In particular, oxidizing subsances must be stored independently with other less hazardous to people. What’s more important to every engineer is that planning to build their career working on this line of business. Accidents are unavoidable but less regulated system in dealing with carriages of very sensitive substnaces would attract more of that. Risks can be avoided when all the rules and policies were followed thoroughly. By then, standardized approach can be done in handling highly flammable materials and substances.

Essay --

Pengenalan Di Malaysia, perkara 3(1) Perlembagaan Persekutuan memperuntukkan bahawa Islam adalah Agama Persekutuan akan tetapi lain-lain agama boleh diamalkan dengan aman dan damai di mana-mana bahagian Persekutuan. Sebelum kedatangan Inggeris undang-undang yang dikuti di negeri-negeri Melayu ialah undang-undang Islam dan adat Melayu yang sesuai. Mahkamah dalam kes Ramah lawan Laton telah memutuskan bahawa undang-undang Islam adalah undang-undang tempatan dan undang-undang negeri. Akan tetapi pengaruh undang-undang Inggeris telah dimasukkan melalui perundangan dan keputusan hakim. Supaya undang-undang Islam dikembalikan sebagai undang-undang asas dan utama bagi orang-orang Islam di Malaysia, hendaklah dinaikkan taraf dan kedudukan Mahkamah Syariah dan membebaskan dari gangguan dan campur tangan Mahkamah Sivil. Pindaan kepada Perkara 121 Perlembagaan Persekutuan yang dibuat pada tahun 1998 adalah merupakan langkah permulaan kearah tersebut. Banyak lagi yang harus dilakukan untuk meninggikan Pentadbiran Undang-undang Islam di Malaysia dan untuk membolehkan Mahkamah Syariah menjalankan tugasnya dengan baik. Di negara kita, Malaysia, Undang-undang Syariah ditadbirkan di Mahkamah Syariah dan Common Law ditadbirkan di Mahkamah Sivil. Melalui perundangan, undang-undang berasaskan Inggeris telah diterima seperti Kanun Keseksaan, Akta Keterangan, Akta Kontrak, Kanun Jenayah, Kanun Acara Sivil dan Undang-undang Tanah. Kuasa mengenai perundangan Hukum Syarak ada di peruntukkan dalam Jadual ke 9, Senarai 2 – Senarai Negeri Perlembagaan Persekutuan. Dalam pada itu, telah terdapat perkara dimana Mahkamah Sivil boleh menjalankan bidangkuasanya sungguhpun perkara itu mengenai undang-undang diri dan keluarga orang-orang Islam. Umpamanya dalam ... ... merangka dokumen undang-undang, atau memberi bantuan guaman. Sejarah Perundangan Islam. Sebelum masuknya pengaruh kerajaan British di negeri-negeri Melayu, undang-undang Islam dan Adat Melayu ialah undang-undang asas atau undang-undang negeri. Undang-undang Islam yang diikuti itu meliputi semua bidang termasuklah Undang-undang Keluarga, Undang-undang Jenayah, Undang-undang Tanah, Undang-undang Mal, dan Undang-undang Acara dan Keterangan. Kumpulan undang-undang Melayu lama seperti Undang-undang Melaka atau undang-undang yang dikumpulkan untuk Sultan Pahang mempunyai peruntukan bagi Undang-undang Mal, Undang-undang Keterangan dan Undang-undang Acara. Di Turki, Majallat-al-ahkam adalah suatu kumpulan undang-undang Mal Islam, telah diterjemahkan ke Bahasa Melayu dan diiktiraf sebagai undang-undang yang harus diikuti di mahkamah-mahkamah di Johor pada tahun 1914.

Computer: Wildlife and People

: 1. Tourism is becoming good source of revenue for many countries. Discuss the advantage and disadvantage of exploiting this resource. 2. What is your opinion about the advantages and disadvantages of fast food? (2002,10;2003,1;2004,4) 3. In 1995,an Englishman killed a burglar who broke into his house. He was sentenced. Do you think he should be sentenced ? How can we protect our property? 4. With the development of a market economy. Advertisements have become a dominant feature in television industry, despite the rich information brought by television.There still exists strong criticism against television advertisement. Write an article analyzing the positive and negative effects of television advertisement. 5. :version:000121(2005? G ) Some people think that visitors to other countries imitate local custom and behaviors. Some people disagree. They think the host country should welcome culture different. Discuss the two views and give your own opinion. : : 1. Some people think that people at the age of 55 and over should be encouraged to retire in order to give opportunities to a new generation. Do you agree or disagree? 2.A report indicates that nowadays children are becoming more and more lazy, fat and unsociable. Give the reasons for this and a proposal for a solution. (2003) : 3. Computers are widely used for education and some people think that teachers will not play important role in the classroom. Disagree or agree? 4. People use computers when they work, go banking and so on, but some argue that it will make people isolated and decrease their social skills. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 5. Some people think that traditional techniques and modern technology are incompatible. To what extent do you agree or disagree? . Oriental session 7. Some people think that strong tradition can civilize a country and the government should subsidize musicians, artists, actors and drama companies. Do you agree or disagree with this opinion? what should government do? 8. Is it possible for a woman to be a good mother and a successful career woman at the same time? some people agree that government should pay some money to women so that they can stay at home to look after their children. Do you agree or disagree? 9. Modern technology, such as fertilizer and machinery has changed our world so much. What are the advantages and disadvantages? Discuss 10.There have been many technological developments in the 20th century. For example, computer and electric power. Choose either of them, describe the change it has brought about and discuss whether all the changes are positive. 11. :What are the purposes of places, such as museums and how should they be funded? : 1. A. Television is the most popular form of entertainment in the modern household. ( )people of all ages use this medium to entertain themselves for an average of four hours a day. ( )thus, television has had a tremendous influence on its viewers, especially children. )scien tists now say that children can be negatively effected by constantly watching television. ( )? I take their side. B. We hear a lot about negative effects of television on the viewers. Obviously, televisions can be harmful if it is watched constantly. However, when television is watched in moderation, it is extremely valuable,( )as/for it provides relaxation entertainment and education. 2. Some people think that the government should not put money in building theaters and sports stadium, they should spend more money on education and medical care. a.Theaters and sports stadium are the most popular places in the modern society. People of all ages love to entertain themselves and enjoy the relaxation. Plus, as the desire for music and sports is increasing, the government ought to spend more money on that. b. Most people hold the point that theaters and sports are losing their importance as time passes by. It is no denying that modern people are leading an increasingly busy life. Neverth eless, not a single place can replace the status in helping people develop their physical body and mental condition like theaters and stadium. : 1. :We are now living in high developing world. Great changes have taken place. The computer was born in 1946 in America and was named ENTAC by researchers. It’s development is very quick. It had made greater progress recently and plays a more important role in our society. ( ) It is of great value to master necessary computer knowledge In world today. ( )? That is to say, one can never live without sufficient knowledge of computer. As what happens in Britain, a college graduate even from Cambridge University may face a difficulty in finding a job if he or she does not know how to manage computers.It is true in other countries. Therefore, it will be very hard to live free from contact with computers. : From the above, in conclusion, in short, all in all, on the whole, in one word : some people claim that disadvantages of cars are more than advantages, do you agree or disagree? 2:2005 version00110 Many of the world’s languages and cultures are dying out. Give possible reasons and your recommendations. 1. : 2. :Dear Mr. Wang: I am awfully sorry about what my dog did to your garden the day before yesterday, I want you know how badly I feel about it. I assure you that it will not happen again. , , , , , , , , ) :Being sorry is not enough. But we honestly thank you for being so generous with us and our dog. Yours sincerely Lynn 3. :thank you from the bottom of my heart thanks a million I sincerely appreciate Many thanks for your kindness :Write a letter to thank your friends for caring for you when you were in hospital after an accident. 4. 😕 :Write a letter to Mr. Wang who works in administration office to ask for an increase in financial aid. Dear Mr. Wang: I am writing to you to see whether or not I can get an increase in financial aid.As the administration office had done a lot in help ing people with financial need. I tend to ask another help from you. 5. : you have come back to your hometown after the first term in Canada. Write a letter to your good friend, Mike, inviting him to visit your hometown in summer vacation. One of your friends invites you to visit his hometown. But you have made your plans. Write a letter to refuse his invitation. Version 00113 Some people think that university should not provide theoretical knowledge, but to give practical training beneficial to the society.Do you agree or disagree? Use your own experience and knowledge to support you idea. 5: Most universities and colleges spend rather long period in fundamental theories and elementary course. But students regard these kinds of knowledge useless, and pay less attention to it. Some people think that university should not provide theoretical knowledge, but to give practical training beneficial to the society. As for me, I think this view is reasonable in some aspects. First of all, the theoretical knowledge just handles problem is an abstract concept. It must combine with real job.For instance, as everyone know, with the development of society, work position more and more need experienced and technical talent, especially in Shanghai of China, one of the biggest city throughout the world. So, more offering practice training to university students can help them to adapt to the society better. Therefore, the theoretical knowledge losing contact with reality is nonsensical. Secondly, the theoretical knowledge comes from practice. Any theoretical knowledge is obtained form the work of practicing. The universities provide practical training to students, making them understand the theoretical knowledge deeply.Just because of this, our universities believe that students should participate in social work at least one year in the four years in order to get practical training. However, the theoretical knowledge is the essence of practice, and it is the important course t hat we can’t ignore too. So, theoretical knowledge and practice have the equal status in our study. In a word, theoretical knowledge and practical training is all our require courses. We should study theory knowledge, and then apply it to practice. , , , , version 00121(2005? G )Some people think visitors to other countries should imitate local custom and behaviors. Some people disagree. they think the host country should welcome culture different. Discuss the tow views, and give your own opinion. 4: Recent years, because traffic is convenient day-by-day, people have more chances to travel around the world. The plane can make us reach any corner of the earth in a short time. Some people think visitors to other countries should imitate local custom and behaviors, but some people disagree. As far as I am concerned, necessary imitation is, in contrast, a wiser choice.As a famous saying goes, do as they do when in Room. The knowledge of local custom can help outside people adap t to the new environment rapidly. For instance, a Chinese student came to Britain, he can imitate British life style. In this way, he can understand British habit more thoroughly, thus, make himself live a more comfortable life in Britain. In addition, the cultural uniqueness that should be maintained need more attention. If people did not adhere to their national symbol especially in foreign country, these treasures would disappear. Take American hug for instance.Opposed to it, Chinese people greet each other with a formal handshake instead of warm hug. Because of this, different countries know each other to a greater extent. On the other hand, it is generally believed that outside cultures take a significant role in shaping the new world. Without taking back foreign customs home, a traveler can do nothing to help promote his or her country’s civil variety, In conclusion, according to the above reasons, the transformation to total reference to foreign customs gain an upper h and over the persistence in cultural identity abroad. Version 00110Many world languages and cultures are dying out. Give possible reasons and your recommendations. Nowadays, international communication has become more and more important. But many world languages ad cultures are dying out. In this essay, we will examine the problem of languages and culture dying and the solutions. Firstly, as the technology improves, people around the world are relying more and more on electronic devices to communicate with each other. Take internet for example. In order to make international conversations, people attempt to talk and send e-mail with the commonly-spoken language, say, English.As a result, cultural uniqueness will fade away gradually. Secondly, some of the world languages and cultures are not being learned widely by children. As what happens in China, Chinese youngsters tend to avoid speaking as their elders do. Because of their contact with foreign cultures, they prefer imitating som e odd sayings and behaviors. That is also the way Peking opera is dying out. In order to solve the problems illustrated above, I offer two solutions in this special occasion. For one solution, people might record the culture and languages on books or tapes, making sure our descendants can learn or use them in the future.The second solution is to increase the awareness of the importance of national cultural identity among young people. From the above analyses, the important thing is to learn the elder’s tongue and culture before it is too late. Otherwise, we will lose them. V120 What are the purposes of places such as museums and how should they be funded? : As we all know, museums are unreplaceable places for human beings. However, more and more museums have to face the serous economic problem nowadays. Therefore, many people doubt museum’s significance. On the contrary, I am a firm believer that museums is still of great importance.Firstly, museum is considered the h istorical symbol that it exhibits traditional culture of a nation. Nations of difference have different culture and history. Taking the history and revolution museum for example. The museum is the best way to let the Chinese youngsters enjoy their ancestor’s history and let visitors and foreigners know what china was like century ago. Secondly, museum could help improve people’s love for art and beauty. As a result, museums aiming to exhibit artist paintings, photos and the like can never be replaced. For instance, the greatest art museum in Paris represents things alike every year.Without it, we would not have a so keen taste for beauty. For one solution, the government ought to buy all museums. If museums belong to government, it means main economic problem of museums is solved. The second solution is that society ought to donate lots of money to maintain development of museum. The museum protects out history and culture, so we have obligation to support progress of museums. All in all, it is museums, along with other institutes, that enrich our dull lives. Only by permanently funding them can we share the magnificence. V105Some people claim that the disadvantages of cars are more than the advantages, do you agree or disagree? With the development of science and technology, the cars have already become the important component in our daily life gradually. Cars make our life convenient and swift. However, too many cars have caused very serious social problems. Some people claim that the disadvantages of cars are more than the advantages. I doubt it. Since one century ago, the auto industry has been developed at full speed worldwide, and has brought the enormous progresses to our life. For example, the car is the most convenient tool of transportation.We can be on and off duty by car every day; we can go to travel by car on the vacation; we can utilize the cars to deal with some emergency too. The car is playing an important role in our daily life . They make our rhythm of life faster and faster and make our business become more and more efficient. On the other hand, the development gives people countless employment opportunities too, such as manufacturing industry, repairing industry and maintaining industry. We are enjoying the convenience that the cars bring to us; at the same time we can utilize the auto industry to support ourselves.However, we ca not ignore that too many cars cause enormous social problems, for example, traffic jam, air pollution, traffic accident, to which we have to find a solution. In a word, the cars have brought enormous change to our life. The advantages are far more than the disadvantages. : The graph below shows the percentage of people unable to find work in three major countries from 1983 to 1992. [pic] The line graph shows a comparison of unemployment rates in Japan, the United Kingdom and Canada between 1989 and 1992. In Japan, the percentage of unemployment from 2. 3%to 3%between 1983 and 1986.After that, the percentage started decreasing with minor fluctuation and returned to the original value in 1992. ( : , , ) In 1983, the percentage of umemployed people was 12% in Canada and 13% in the UK. ( )These values decreased dramatically and at a constant rate over the next few years. ( )and unemployment reached the lowest percentage in Canada with about 7. 7% in 1988-1989,and in the UK with 7% in 1989-1990. ( )( )The unemployment rates of the two countries reaches the same point between 1988 and 1989. And then the figures( ))started increasing in both countries . n 1992,Canada reached its original value. Meanwhile, UK reached 10%, three points below the original percentage in 1983. ( ) From the above analysis, the unemployment rate was more stable than those of UK and Canada. ( ) : The graph below shows the different modes of transport used to travel to and from work in one European city in 1950, 1970, and 1990. [pic] The bar chart represents a contrast in terms of bus , car, bike, foot in years of 1950, 1970 and 1990. From 1950 to 1990,the percentage of people who travel( )by bike and on foot decreased from 27%to 7% and 33%to 10% respectively.Similarly, the percentage of people taking bus dropped after 1970 but increased before that. However, car’s percentage use sharply boomed year after year. ( : ) Traveling by bike or on foot were most popular in 1950. but percentage of car users was far more smaller. After two decades, with the decrease of bike users and travelers on foot, bus and car gain a lot of popularity. Bus reached its peak at 27%. in 1970,over one out of three( )people drive to and from work. ( , ) All in all, as the economy increases gradually, people prefer to go to work and come home by driving rather than taking bus or walking. : The table below shows information on income, taxes and prices in five cities around the world. Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below. |City |Average hourl y wage |Tax as % of wage |Monthly rent for 4-bedroom flat | |Athens |? 4 |18. 9% |? 700 | |Geneva |? 13 |26. 6% |? 1, 300 | |Hong Kong |? |15% |? 2, 400 | |London |? 7 |31. 3% |? 1, 200 | |Tokyo |? 12 |19. 3% |? 5, 300 | This table graph demonstrates a comparison of wages, taxes and rents in five important cities, Athens, Geneva, Hong Kong, London and Tokyo. Geneva and Tokyo offer the highest average hourly wage,13 and 12 pounds respectively.Within expectation, the tax as percentage of wage is also high. However, the rent in Tokyo is much more than that in Geneva. On the contrary, the lowest wages are offered by Hong Kong and Athens,3 and 4 pounds respectively. It is not surprising that the taxes are correspondingly lower than the rest. The difference between the two cities is the rent, with the lowest 700 pounds in Athens and more higher 2400 pounds in Hong Kong. ( : , ) With the average rent and wage, London has the highest tax ( ) In conclusion, in terms of living cost, living in London might harder than the others. ( ) :The two pie charts below show the types of communication used in 1962 and 1982. [pic] [pic] The two pie charts demonstrate a comparison in different patterns of communication which were used in 1962 and 1982. As what has been shown in the two charts, the percentage of letters drastically decreased from 50% in 1962 to 10% in 1982 respectively. The figures of phone and computer usage, on the contrary, increased correspondingly at a high rate. The percentage of computer communication in 1982 was exactly twice that in 1962. Similarly,the popularity of phone in 1982 can also be suggested by its rise-25% from the original value,35%.In conclusion, communication devices, as economy and technology are being enhanced, have changes greatly. High-tech ways will gradually take the place of private and traditional ones. 1. 21 discuss? With our entrance to 21st century, there rises the controversy of whether our future would turn to the bright one. Many people claim that 21st century would be taken into a positive way through scientific and technological advance while a great number of pessimists argue that our future is threat123d by lots of ongoing disasters. As for me, I prefer a balanced view that there will be crisis and opportunities.On one hand, we have reasons to be optimistic. For one thing, the development of information technology will make it possible to for all the people in the world to communicate with each other easily. Take the internet as an example. A simple click on the mouse could lead you to every place and person all over the world. For another, as the medical treatment develops, it could be expected that there will be cure for such deadly diseases as cancer and AIDS and that human beings would be able to enjoy a long life expectancy. Moreover, with the ongoing mechanization, an increasing amount f dangerous and heavy-labor work would tend to be taken by the robot. In this case, man can work in more safe and comfortable conditions, as well as enjoy more leisure time. On the other hand, it can be foreseen that there may be crises in the future. First, people will run high risk of psychological problems for dealing with computers in long-term is likely to cause the loneliness and infantile autism. Consequently the rate of suicide would experience a sharp rise. Besides, there is possibility that the robot would take over the earth, enslaving our mankind who is originally its creator.Furthermore, it is not impossible that a global nuclear war would break out. As a result, none of all creatures on the earth can escape this disaster so that from then on the civil history comes to an end. From the discussion above, it can be concluded that we would confront both opportunities and crises. The advanced science and technology could obtain merit and drawback. So what I hope to see in the future is that we can enjoy healthier and longer life and that more and more science and technology will be em ployed in the peaceful way. 2.Some people claim that the increasingly frequent business and cultural communications are positive whereas others hold a different opinion. Discuss. Although a slight mention of the past pastoral life arouses a nostalgia and reminiscent beauty, which is unexceptionally characterized by isolation and somewhat disconsolation, various and frequent communications in business, education, scientific research, and even the daily life are flooding the existent values, ideas, and ideals. Inevitably, this social phenomenon provokes a storm of commendation and criticism as well.Frequent communications in various fields among cultures and people undoubtedly benefit individuals’ life. Almost every citizen becomes the beneficiary of the communications. People around the world today are able to enjoy otherwise unavailable products and services. For instance, it is due to the international communication in business that people in China can enjoy such high qualit y products as Mercedes Benz from Germany, Titoni watch from Switzerland, and IBM computers. All these cases demonstrate one thing: communications contribute to human beings.Not only are diverse array of communications in the international spectrum positive to individuals, they also have been exerting significant favorable influences on family life. It was virtually incredible to imagine an international family five decades ago, but today on account of the rapid development of communications and transportations, religious and racial discriminations have almost entirely â€Å"gone with the wind†. It is no longer an â€Å"abnormal† thing that a Chinese husband gets married with a Japanese wife.Such international family, as scientific research warrants, is a welcome development in terms of both biological and political elements. In fact, the advantages of communications are also shaping and reflecting the general human civilization development. If God, as Bible says, creat ed different languages among men, then men all over the world today are able to work together, pray together, and struggle for freedom together. The communications are actually a process of globalization. This is the trend of sustainable development. With communications, people become brothers and sisters rather than enemies.With communications, there will be peace rather than war. With communications, the mundane mortals will eventually retrieve the paradise that our forefathers lost and get renascence. Admittedly, the communications might have some negative influences. But the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages. Therefore, the communications should be advocated and encouraged with the utmost enthusiasm A,B : Wild animals have no place in the 21st contrary, and the protection for them is a waste of resource. To what extent, do you agree or disagree with the above statement?Humans share the planet with the wild animas who have contributed a lot to our society and economy. But today, the world is poised on the brink of the largest wave of extinctions. So we have to do something to protect wild animals. Firstly, faming to feed the growing human population is one of the chief cause of extinction. From this millions of hectares of forests and natural vegetation have been cleared for agricultural use. Secondly, excess mining has destroyed the habitat of wild animals. Then came the threat of illegal logging, poaching and smuggling.Wild animals are now facing severe problems, but fortunately more and more people begin to realize the value of wild animals to our human-beings environment. As we know, wild animals together with wild plants consist of a complex ecosystem, which is significant to our natural environment, providing clean water, clean air and various resources. They are so connected and interacted that even extinction of several species will lead to a disaster to the whole ecosystem. Furthermore, the variety of species and genes founding wild animals are critical resources that could be utilized in each country’s development, especially in science and medical.In history, many ideas of famous inventions originated form animals such as ultrasonic fro bat. Moreover, there are still so many undiscovered fields of science, maybe we can get use of one kind of wild animals one day. Before this, we had better keep them protected, particular to some rare species. Someone said safeguard of wild animals is a waste of resource, but I do not agree. It seems that we would spend some time, wealth and manpower on this meaningless thing. Actually we also do this for human being ourselves.Wild animals have no place in the 21st contrary, and the protection for them is a waste of resource. To what extent, do you agree or disagree with the above statement? With the rapid progress of society, people’s living standard is dramatically improved, with more convenience and resource coming to us. However, our living environment at the same t ime is getting more polluted. One effect of this phenomenon is that there is not enough space for wild animals to survive, and many people hold an opinion that it would be a waste of resource to protect wild animals.Nevertheless, I think exactly the opposite way. The environment is a comprehensively biological life cycle, with human beings, animals and plants playing affecting each other accordingly. Wild animals occupy an essential position in the life cycle. Let’s look at a very simple example. Although snakes are very dangerous and frightening, they can catch mice, and mice can destroy the crop as well as sanitary surroundings. Here it is easy to understand that if there are not enough snakes, the number of mice would grow rapidly, doing more harm to us. Then , should not we protect the snake?Actually, we are saving resource by doing this because trying to save something that is already destroyed seriously costs more. Secondly, in present, quite a number of problems such a s desertification and rivers dried up, caused by excessive exploitation of natural resource, have arisen an increasing number of people aware of environment protection. More and more places, I think, should be planned for wild animals in 21st contrary. Thus, it is obviously noticed that more trees are planted and more wildlife conservation areas are planned, ensuring that wild animals will be under protection.As we can see from the improvement, in the 21st contrary, wild animals would be leading a happy life. To sum up, we cannot live without wild animals due to their profound effects on us. For this reason, we should try our best to protect them. Let’s remember one thing—protecting wild animals is equivalent to protecting ourselves. Wild animals have no place in the 21st contrary, and the protection for them is a waste of resource. To what extent, do you agree or disagree with the above statement? Biological diversity has never been as threatened as it is today as a r esult of the process of human civilization.The various forms of pressure created by human activity have destroyed natural balance, led to the deterioration of natural habitats, genetic erosion and the rarity, even disappearance, of a number of plant and animal species. As the pace of civilization accelerates, more people, taking more space, needing to use more natural resources, engaging in ever-growing consumption, impose sever deterioration on the habitat of animals. An increasing number of people come to realize that the disappearance of animals will result in serious threat to the equilibrium of ecosystem.Simply put, the extinction of hawks, rat-eating bird seen in many regions, will result in the rapid propagation of rats. And rats, further, will destroy the prairies and threaten the other animals like gazelles, zebras, and others, who live on grass and green lands. The coexistence of animals and human beings creates perfect harmony and brings about vividness to our planet. It is hard to imagine what our world would be like without animals. Sociologists also point our that the disappearance of animals can cause social and economic problems. Animals trade, as a supporting sector to the world economy, was very active before.However, the situation is beyond control since animals trade is very profitable and alluring. Many species cannot escape the adversity of being killed. Certainly, our diet cannot be without meat. There are living stocks, which can provide us with sufficient and nutritious produce. Therefore, we need not to resort to wild animals, especially the endangered ones. To protect animals is to protect our living environment. Every individual should join efforts to keep the diversity of animals. : The gap of living in cities and the countryside is larger and larger. What are the reasons in your country and how to reduce the differences?As the step of economic development accelerates, the gap between the city and the countryside becomes more and more overt , which arouses colossal concerns. Take a further look at the phenomenon, there are three major causes. Firstly, the insufficiency of investment in the rural areas accounts mainly for the issue. China, for example, covers a very large area. Due to the emphasis on the development in the coastal areas, the government devotes more investment in the large cities, such as shanghai, Beijing and Guangzhou. The investment, undoubtedly, is repaid by the threefold increase of economy and commerce in these cities.However, this is not the case in the rural area and the western regions. The lack of investment barriers the productivity and economic development and sharpens the gap between the city and the countryside. Secondly, the low education level in the rural areas contributes partly to the gap of living. Education is the prime force of productivity. Keeping this in mind, many countries and governments give priority to the development of education. China’s education witness ed a rapid growth in the past decade. However, the education level in the countryside still keeps very low.The enrollment of primary schools and secondary schools is much lower compared with the advanced regions, not to mention the developed countries in the world. Without good education, the development of economy and technology would be dream difficult to be realized. Finally, the influx of migrant workers to the cities form the countryside deteriorates the undeveloped conditions in the rural areas. The life style in the urban areas is very attractive to the people in the countryside. To seek more working opportunities, many people abandon the fertile lands and leave them uncultivated.If the situation continues, it will lead to serious unbalance of economic and regional development. To sum up, only when the government renders more concerns over the issue can the gap between the cities and the countryside be bridged. The gap of living in cities and the countryside is larger and lar ger. What are the reasons in your country and how to reduce the differences? When you look back to the last contrary, amazingly you will find that not only had all world’s largest populated cities experienced different population growth rates, but also the difference between the city and the ountryside had grown accordingly. Two reasons of mine can examine the tendency as following. The glamorous city life allures lots of human resources to move to the city, taking major contribution to the gap. In the city, there are many advantages to attract those talented people to settle down—more job opportunities, cultural activities, sporting events, if you name them. Therefore, even those well-educated people who are originated from the country intend to lead a dynamic city life instead of returning to face the static country view.If the rural government can work out some favorable policies such as low prices of land occupied for industrial uses, with the combination of low co st of workforce, investors are willing to establish factories in the countryside. The improvement of employment situation will enormously help pull back some intellectuals and lessen the gap. (104words) In the second part, I would mention the factor of transportation. Supporting sentences: the vital resistance of economic development in the countryside is the inconvenient transportation. It has been witnessed in China that almost all leading cities are scattered along the coastline.They take advantages of sea, air and other sophisticated transport facilities to enjoy high economic growth rates. I suggest that the central government should fund on infrastructure for the whole nation, including rural areas, to build up a nationwide transport network. Consequently, tourism as well as housing in the countryside will be boosted, and the difference between the city and the country would be minimized. (94words) To sum up, intelligent resources would determine who is the winner or loser of the intense competition; moreover, transit system also play an important role in developing economy.If both issues were tackled properly in the countryside, gap between the city and the country would never be overwhelming. 2007 3? 10? TASK 1bar , , 7 TASK2 With the increase in use of mobile phones and computers, less people tend to write letters. The skill of writing letters will disappear completely. To what extend do you agree of disagree? How important do you think is letter writing ? 3? 3? task 1 ,overseas and UK visitors in London from 1996 to 2001. task 2 , , 2? 10? task1 how waste recycled to garden fertilizer task2: maintaining public libraries is a waste of money because computer technology services the function. do you agree or disagree? 2? 3 TASK1:TABLE. TASK2:Who will be responsible for the environment, individual? or government? you opinion? 1? 20 table, 8? ( 8? ) motor vehicle? 1990 2000 It is believed that government should pay for health care and education instead of the public. However, some people debate that it would be a large cost and it is not necessary. What's your opinion? 1? 13? 1? TABLES 1? 6 ,TABLE 1900 ? 2000 : , , , 2006 1? 7? People believe that they should be able to keep all the money they earn and should not pay tax to the state. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 1? 14? There are social, medical, and technical problems associated with the use of mobile phones. What forms do they take? Do you agree that the problems outweigh the benefits of the mobile phone? 1? 21? At present, science has been developing at a high speed, but people still have a high opinion of artists.What can the arts tell us of the life that science cannot? 2006? 2? 11? In many countries, the proportion of older people is steadily increasing. Does this trend have more positive or negative effects on the society? 2? 18? Some people believe that air travel should be restricted because it causes serious pollution and uses up the world's fuel res ources. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 2? 25? More and more measures to improve the security in the urban area have been introduced because of the increased crime. Do the benefits of the measures outweigh the drawbacks? 3? 11? In many countries, more and more young people are leaving school and unable to find jobs after graduation. What problems do you think youth unemployment will cause to the individual and the society? Give reasons and make some suggestions. 3? 18? VS Some people think that teachers should be responsible for teaching students how to judge right and wrong and how to behave well. Some say that teachers should only teach students about academic subjects. Discuss both views and give your opinion. 3? 25? Long distance flight uses more fuel than car and brings pollution to the environment.We should discourage non-essential flight rather than limit the use of car. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 06/ 04 / 08 Space travel to the moon, cited as a b ig step for the mankind. Some people think it made little difference to our daily lives. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 06/ 04 / 22 VS History is little or nothing to tell people. Others believe people must study history to understand the present. Please discuss. 06/ 04 / 29 Some people believe that national sports teams and individual men and women who represent their country should be financially supported by the government.Others think they should be funded by non-government organizations (business, scholarship). 06/ 05 / 13 Housing shortage in big cities can cause severe consequences. Only government action can solve this problem. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 06/ 05 / 20 Do the problems brought by international travel outweigh the advantages? 06/ 05 / 27 Some people think that the use of animal for experimentation is cruel. Other think it is good for the development of science. Discuss the two sides and give your opinion. 06/ 06 / 10 Nowadays some peo ple like to give help to the local community or provide people with direct help. Other people prefer to give money to national and international organizations. Discuss both of the two ways and present your own opinion. 06/ 06 / 17 The best way to solve the world’s environmental problems is to increase the price of fuel. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Use your own experience and give an example to support your idea. 06/ 06 / 24 Some people think that it is beneficial for students to go to private secondary schools, but other people think that it can have a negative effect.Discuss the two points and give your own opinion. 06 / 07 / 08 In a modern society, it has been observed in some countries that the elderly are not duly respected. Discuss the reasons why this has occurred and the effects it might have on our society. 06 / 07 /22 Is it better for students to live at home with their parents or in school accommodations? Give your own opinion on the issue. Use your own experience or an example to support your idea. 06 / 07/ 29 Earlier technological development brought more benefits changes to the life of ordinary people than the recent technological development will.To what extent do you agree or disagree? 06 / 08/ 05 Some people think museums should be enjoyable places to attract and entertain young people. Other think the purpose of museums is educate, not entertain. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion. 06 / 08/ 12 In order to learn a language well, we should also learn about the country as well as the cultures and lifestyles of the people who speak it. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 06 / 08/ 26 Multi-cultural societies, which are a mixture of different ethnic groups, bring more benefits than drawbacks for a country.To what extend do you agree or disagree with this conclusion? 06 / 09/ 02 In some countries, advertisers increase the amount of advertising which try to persuade children to buy snacks, toys,and other goo ds. Parents object such pressure on children. But some advertisers claim that there is useful information in these advertisements. Discuss both views and give your opinion. 06 / 09/ 16 Some people think the students should take the subjects which are decided by the government in the university. Others think that students can apply for the subjects they prefer.Discuss the two situations and give your opinion. 06 / 09/ 23 Young adults should undertake unpaid work to help people in the community. Do you think it brings more drawbacks to the community and the young adults than benefits? 06 / 10 / 14 Some people think the main purpose of schools is to turn the children into good citizens and workers, rather than to benefit them as individuals. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? 06 / 10 / 22 The speeding up of life in many areas such as travel and communication has negative effects on society at all levels—individual, national and global.To what extent d o you agree or disagree? 06 / 10 / 29 Some people think that increasing business and cultural contacts have positive influences on development; others think that it has negative effects on national identities. Discuss both views and give your opinion. 06 / 11/ 04 Some people think that good health is very important to every person, so medical services should not be run by profit-making companies. Do the disadvantages of private health care outweigh the advantage? 06 / 11/ 18 Some people think secondary students should study international news as a school subject, but others argue that it is a waste of their valuable school time. What’s your opinion? 06 / 11/ 25 Exposure to international media, e. g. films, TV and magazines, has an impact on the local culture. Please discuss whether the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. 06 / 12/ 02 Throughout the history, male leaders often made the society more violent and conflicting. If women governed the world, it would be a more peaceful world. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Give an example to support your idea. 6 / 12/ 09 Modern buildings are appearing in large numbers, some people believe that we should build our buildings in traditional styles. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 06 / 12/ 16 Some people believe that personal happiness is directly related to economic success. Others believe there are other factors. Discuss the two sides and give your opinion ———————– 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 % of people unable to work (UNEMPLOYMENT RATES) United Kingdom Canada Japan 1962 P 35% C 15% L 50%